Coaxial cable is one of the most important and widely used types of cables in the transmission of electrical signals. Due to its special structure, this cable has the ability to transmit data and audio and video signals with minimal loss of quality and maximum stability. If we want to provide a comprehensive and accurate definition, coaxial cable is a cable that consists of several different layers for protection, insulation and data transmission and is used in a variety of applications from television antennas to telecommunications systems and CCTV cameras.

Coaxial cable is designed with several layers, each of which has a specific function in transmitting and protecting data. This structure includes the following:

Center Conductor:
The main core of the coaxial cable, which is responsible for transmitting electrical signals.
It is usually made of pure copper, tinned copper, or aluminum.
The quality and material of this part directly affect the cable's efficiency in transmitting signals.
Dielectric Insulator:
This layer is located between the center conductor and the shield and is made of plastic materials such as polyethylene or foam.
The function of this layer is to prevent physical contact between the conductor and the shield and maintain the structure of the signal's electric field.
Metal Shield:
The shield is usually made of a woven metal layer or aluminum foil, which prevents external electromagnetic noise (EMI) from entering the cable.
The presence of a shield is of great importance in applications that require stable and interference-free signals.
Outer Jacket:
The last layer of the cable that serves as a protective layer.
This layer is usually made of materials that are resistant to abrasion, heat, and moisture, such as PVC or polyethylene.
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